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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβem | om saβe |
| 2SG: | saβet | ot saβe |
| 3SG: | saβa | ok/ogeʃ saβe |
| 1PL: | saβena | ona/ogəna saβe |
| 2PL: | saβeda | oda/ogəda saβe |
| 3PL: | saβat | ogət saβe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβəʃəm | ʃəm saβe |
| 2SG: | saβəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ saβe |
| 3SG: | saβəʃ | əʃ saβe |
| 1PL: | saβəʃna | əʃna saβe |
| 2PL: | saβəʃda | əʃda saβe |
| 3PL: | saβəʃt | əʃt saβe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβenam | saβen oməl |
| 2SG: | saβenat | saβen otəl |
| 3SG: | saβen | saβen ogəl |
| 1PL: | saβenːa | saβen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | saβenda | saβen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | saβenət | saβen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβem əʎe | om saβe əʎe |
| 2SG: | saβet əʎe | ot saβe əʎe |
| 3SG: | saβa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ saβe əʎe |
| 1PL: | saβena əʎe | ona/ogəna saβe əʎe |
| 2PL: | saβeda əʎe | oda/ogəda saβe əʎe |
| 3PL: | saβat əʎe | ogət saβe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβem ulmaʃ | om saβe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | saβet ulmaʃ | ot saβe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saβa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ saβe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | saβena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna saβe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | saβeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda saβe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saβat ulmaʃ | ogət saβe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβenam əʎe | saβen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | saβenat əʎe | saβen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | saβen əʎe | saβen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | saβenːa əʎe | saβen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | saβenda əʎe | saβen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | saβen əʎe | saβen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβenam ulmaʃ | saβen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | saβenat ulmaʃ | saβen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saβen ulmaʃ | saβen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | saβenːa ulmaʃ | saβen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | saβenda ulmaʃ | saβen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saβen ulmaʃ | saβen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβe | it saβe |
| 3SG: | saβəʒe | ənʒe saβe |
| 1PL: | (saβena) | (ona/ogəna saβe) |
| 2PL: | saβəza | ida saβe |
| 3PL: | saβəʃt | ənəʃt saβe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβənem | ənem saβe |
| 2SG: | saβənet | ənet saβe |
| 3SG: | saβəneʒe | əneʒ saβe |
| 1PL: | saβənena | ənena saβe |
| 2PL: | saβəneda | əneda saβe |
| 3PL: | saβəneʃt | əneʃt saβe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβənem əʎe | ənem saβe əʎe |
| 2SG: | saβənena əʎe | ənet saβe əʎe |
| 3SG: | saβəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ saβe əʎe |
| 1PL: | saβənena əʎe | ənena saβe əʎe |
| 2PL: | saβəneda əʎe | əneda saβe əʎe |
| 3PL: | saβəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt saβe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβənet ulmaʃ | ənet saβe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | saβəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ saβe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saβəneda ulmaʃ | əneda saβe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | saβəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt saβe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saβaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saβəman |
| Active participle: | saβəʃe |
| Passive participle: | saβəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saβəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | saβədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saβen |
| Negative gerund: | saβəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | saβəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saβəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saβəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | saβəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | saβədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||